Word List 02

adapt / əˈdæpt / 阅

v. 使适应，顺应；改写 alter; modify

We should learn how to adapt ourselves.

analogy / əˈnælədʒi / 阅

n. 类似，相似；类推 similarity; parallelism

People tend to make an analogy between life and voyage.

ordeal / ɔːrˈdiːl / 阅

n. 苦难经历，折磨 severe trial or affliction

Speaking in public was an ordeal for me.

ferment / ˈfɜːrment /

n. 骚动，暴乱 agitation; commotion

Her parents died in the ferment.

materialism ■ / məˈtɪriəlɪzəm / 阅

n. 功利主义，物质主义 preoccupation with physical comforts and things

Sam was hardhearted, yet his feverish materialism created more jobs.

suffragist / ˈsʌfrɪdʒɪst / 阅

n. 妇女政权论者 advocate of voting rights (for women)

With the rising of Women Liberation Movement, a wave of suffragists emerged in the 1960s.

embellish ■ / ɪmˈbelɪʃ / 阅

v. 装饰，修饰 adorn; ornament

The girl put on her dress embellished with lace and ribbons.

recalcitrant / rɪˈkælsɪtrənt / 阅

adj. 顽抗的，桀骜不驯的 obstinately stubborn; determined to resist authority; unruly

The parents were annoyed by the recalcitrant attitude of their child.

penury ● / ˈpenjəri /

n. 贫穷，贫困 severe poverty; stinginess

He would have died in penury, if he had depended on his son for his living.

mischance / ˌmɪsˈtʃæns /

n. 不幸，灾难 ill luck

By mischance, he lost the file which was needed at the conference.

oblivious / əˈblɪviəs / 阅

adj. 不注意的；遗忘的 inattentive or unmindful; wholly absorbed

Deep in her book, Nancy was oblivious to the food on the fire.

clientele / ˌklaɪənˈtel / 阅

n. 顾客，常客 body of customers

The beauty parlor has a large regular clientele.

repel ■ / rɪˈpel / 阅

v. 击退；使厌恶 drive away; disgust

The singer’s flamboyant singing style attracts some people but repels others.

sovereign / ˈsɑːvrən / 阅

adj. 极有效的；至高的；独立自主的 efficacious; supreme or paramount; self-governing

The sovereign obligation of a doctor is to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.

shoddy / ˈʃɑːdi /

adj. 劣质的；廉价的 inferior; trashy; cheap

Nowadays, there is a strong protest against the evil-minded businessmen who manufacture shoddy goods.

recant ● / rɪˈkænt/ 阅

v. 撤回，放弃；撤回声明；公开认错 disclaim or disavow; retract a previous statement; openly confess error

I tried to make her recant her belief that “Money makes the mare go,” but failed.

shirk / ʃɜːrk /

v. 逃避，推卸 avoid (responsibility, work, etc.); malinger

A person with a strong sense of responsibility, he never shirks any difficult tasks.

impeach / ɪmˈpiːtʃ /

v. 弹劾，控告 charge with crime in office; indict

The mayor was impeached for taking a bribe.

aversion ■ / əˈvɜːrʒn / 阅

n. 厌恶 firm dislike

She has a natural aversion to cigarettes.

abate ● / əˈbeɪt /

v. 减少，减弱 subside; decrease; lessen

The storm showed no signs of abating.

destitute / ˈdestɪtuːt /

adj. 贫困的，赤贫的 extremely poor

A private car is a luxury to many destitute families.

magnitude / ˈmæɡnɪtuːd / 阅

n. 巨大，重大 greatness; extent

No one seems to realise the magnitude of his crime.

predetermine / ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːrmɪn / 阅

v. 预先决定，预先倾向 predestine; settle or decide beforehand; influence markedly

Harry’s obsession with gambles predetermined his failure in marriage and career.

incorporate / ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt /

v. 收编，加入；结合，合并 introduce something into a larger whole; combine; unite

We have incorporated your proposals into our plan.

subjugate / ˈsʌbdʒuɡeɪt / 阅

v. 使屈服，征服 conquer; bring under control

The landowners’ attempt to subjugate the local poor peasants lasted just three months.

adverse / ədˈvɜːrs / 阅

adj. 不利的，敌对的 unfavorable; hostile

I don’t know why he is always adverse to my ideas.

heckler / ˈheklər /

n. 激烈质问者 person who harasses others

The heckler expressed his complaints.

increment / ˈɪŋkrəmənt / 阅

n. 增加，增量 increase

Experts tried to explain the sudden increment in mortality rates.

ebullient ● / ɪˈbʌliənt / 阅

adj. 兴高采烈的 showing excitement; overflowing with enthusiasm

The ebullient girl can’t help dancing.

calculated ■ / ˈkælkjuleɪtɪd / 阅

adj. 有计划的；可能的 deliberately planned; likely

This type of cellphone was calculated to attract female customers.

indoctrinate / ɪnˈdɑːktrɪneɪt /

v. 以教条或信条的方式来教授，教导 instruct in a doctrine or ideology

The terrorist group indoctrinated people against the society.

stealth / stelθ / 阅

n. 秘密行动 slyness; sneakiness; secretiveness

The pickpocket followed the woman by stealth for quite a while before he stole her cellphone.

generate / ˈdʒenəreɪt / 阅

v. 产生；发生 cause; produce; create

About 90% of the electricity in this country is generated by wind.

preeminent / ˌpriˈemɪnənt / 阅

adj. 杰出的，卓越的 outstanding; superior

Moyan holds a preeminent position in China’s literary circle.

stifle / ˈstaɪfl / 阅

v. 抑制，约束 suppress; extinguish; inhibit

When the student offered a funny answer, the teacher tried hard to stifle her laughter.

connotation / ˌkɑːnəˈteɪʃn / 阅

n. 内涵 suggested or implied meaning of an expression

Chinese calligraphy has rich cultural connotation.

berserk / bərˈsɜːrk /

adj. 狂暴的 frenzied

The man went berserk when he saw his girlfriend stay with her ex-boyfriend.

matrix / ˈmeɪtrɪks /

n. 母体，发源地；矩阵；模型，模具 point of origin; array of numbers or algebraic symbols; mold or die

Most historians consider the Yellow River is the matrix of Chinese civilization.

paraphrase / ˈpærəfreɪz / 阅

v. 意译，改述 rephrase; reword

Please paraphrase the ancient Chinese prose in less than 300 words.

redress / rɪˈdres / 阅

n. 补救，补偿 remedy; compensation v. 补救，补偿 set right; remedy or rectify

The consumers insisted that the damage caused by the flight delay be redressed by the airline company.

spatial / ˈspeɪʃl / 阅

adj. 空间的 relating to space

The professor conducted some research on Hainan culture and wrote an article entitled “Spatial Distribution of Hainan Culture”.

lament ■ / ləˈment / 阅

v. 为…悲痛，痛惜 grieve; express sorrow

People lament the death of the great artist.

extant / ekˈstænt / 阅

adj. 尚存的，现存的 still in existence

This is the oldest extant building in the city.

perpetual / pərˈpetʃuəl / 阅

adj. 不间断的，持续的 everlasting

He was sick of his wife’s perpetual nagging.

conspiracy / kənˈspɪrəsi / 阅

n. 阴谋 treacherous plot

He was involved in the conspiracy.

annul / əˈnʌl /

v. 废除，取消 make void

It is surprising to us that the young couple annulled their marriage.

utopia / juːˈtoʊpiə / 阅

n. 乌托邦，理想的完美境界 ideal place, state, or society

She was entering the masses with the phantom of a future utopia.

flourish / ˈflɜːrɪʃ / 阅

v. 繁荣；茂盛；装饰 grow well; prosper; decorate with ornaments

Wheat flourish in good care of the farmers.

compliance ■ / kəmˈplaɪəns / 阅

n. 顺从，服从 readiness to yield; conformity in fulfilling requirements

The foreign companies must keep in compliance with the regulations.

inert ■ / ɪˈnɜːrt /

adj. 惰性的；迟钝的，迟缓的 inactive; lacking power to move

He lay completely inert on the floor.

forebear / ˈfɔːrber / 阅

n. 祖先，祖宗 ancestors

I heard our forebears came from the West.

restitution / ˌrestɪˈtuːʃn /

n. 归还；赔偿；修复 reparation; indemnification

The airline company promised to make restitution for the loss caused by the air crash.

frantic / ˈfræntɪk /

adj. 狂乱的，疯狂的 wild

The work has driven me frantic.

aggrandize / əˈɡrændaɪz / 阅

v. 增强，扩大 increase or intensify

That country sought to aggrandize itself at the expense of its neighbors.

forthright / ˈfɔːrθraɪt / 阅

adj. 直率的；坦诚的 outspoken, straightforward; frank

He criticized the government’s new policy in forthright words.

prelude / ˈpreljuːd / 阅

n. 前奏；先驱 introduction; forerunner

These contracts could be a prelude to further cooperation of the two companies.

immutable ■ / ɪˈmjuːtəbl / 阅

adj. 不可变的，永恒的 unchangeable

Death is one of the nature’s immutable laws.

upshot / ˈʌpʃɑːt /

n. 结果，结局 outcome

The practical upshot of this research is hard to see at the moment.

multifaceted / ˌmʌltiˈfæsɪtɪd / 阅

adj. 多层面的 having many aspects

Tina is a multifaceted performer.

pariah ● / pəˈraɪə / 阅

n. 社会的遗弃者 social outcast

Mariah Carey was once referred to as “Mariah the fashion pariah”.

tantamount ● / ˈtæntəmaʊnt / 阅

adj. （在效果或价值上）与…相当的 equivalent in effect or value

Her confession was tantamount to refusal of his proposal.

labyrinth ● / ˈlæbərɪnθ /

n. 迷宫 maze

Becky soon lost herself in the labyrinth of corridors.

appease ■ / əˈpiːz / 阅

v. 平息，安抚 pacify or soothe; relieve

Julie managed to appease the crying child by offering him some candies.

doctrinaire / ˌdɑːktrəˈner / 阅

adj. 教条主义的；不屈的，不让步的 unable to compromise about points of doctrine; dogmatic; unyielding

He was a doctrinaire preacher and no one wanted to follow him.

belligerent / bəˈlɪdʒərənt / 阅

adj. 好争吵的 quarrelsome

His belligerent attitude resulted in the fight.

somber ■ / ˈsɑːmbər / 阅

adj. 忧郁的，郁闷的；昏暗的，阴暗的 gloomy; depressing; dark; drab

He was sad, and his thought about future was very somber.

divulge / daɪˈvʌldʒ / 阅

v. 泄露 reveal

He divulged a confidential report to the enemy.

bungle / ˈbʌŋɡl / 阅

v. 搞糟；笨手笨脚地做 mismanage; blunder

The boss scolded him, for he had bungled the job.

premise / ˈpremɪs / 阅

n. 预述，假定 assumption; postulate

His whole argument in the thesis was based on a false premise.

render / ˈrendər / 阅

v. 呈递；给予；表现 deliver; provide; represent

The new president promises that he will render faithful service to his people.

automaton / ɔːˈtɑːmətən /

n. 机器人；机械般行动的人或动物 robot; person performing a task mechanically

The assembly-line workers are laboring like automatons.

illuminate / ɪˈluːmɪneɪt / 阅

v. 照亮；阐明；启发 brighten; clear up or make understandable; enlighten

She was greatly illuminated by his speech.

disabuse / ˌdɪsəˈbjuːz /

v. 去除…的谬误，使醒悟 correct a false impression; undeceive

I must disabuse you of your feelings of superior.

craftiness / ˈkræftinəs / 阅

n. 狡猾 slyness; trickiness

He displayed his craftiness in this transaction.

assent / əˈsent / 阅

v. 赞成 agree; accept

The ambassador cannot assent to your request.

exotic / ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk / 阅

adj. 异国情调的；奇异的 not native; strange

The restaurant is popular because of its exotic environment.

extrapolation / ɪkˌstræpəˈleɪʃn / 阅

n. 推断，推知 projection; conjecture

He uncovered a case of robbery through judgment and extrapolation.

salutary / ˈsæljəteri / 阅

adj. 有益的 tending to improve; beneficial; wholesome

The salutary side about this tragic accident is that drivers will attach great importance to fastening seat belts.

anomaly ● / əˈnɑːməli / 阅

n. 异常，不符合规律 irregularity

The snow in summer must be a kind of anomaly in this region.

delusion / dɪˈluːʒn / 阅

n. 错觉，幻觉 false belief; hallucination

How come I am always under the delusion that I may fail?

mock / mɑːk / 阅

v. 嘲弄，以模仿的方式嘲笑 ridicule; imitate, often in derision

It is unkind to mock the disabled people.

reconnaissance / rɪˈkɑːnɪsns /

n. 侦察，勘察 survey of enemy by soldiers; reconnoitering

The helicopter is making an aerial reconnaissance of the island.

transitory / ˈtrænsətɔːri / 阅

adj. 转瞬即逝的，短暂的 impermanent; fleeting

As was expected, his love affair with the popular actress was transitory.

accessory / əkˈsesəri /

n. 附件，附属物，配饰 additional object; useful but not essential thing

Many car owners like to hang accessories in the car.

pellucid / pəˈluːsɪd / 阅

adj. 透明的，清澈的；易懂的 transparent; limpid; easy to understand

The professor gave us a pellucid explanation for the obscure poem.

lucid / ˈluːsɪd / 阅

adj. 浅显易懂的，明晰的 easily understood; clear; intelligible

Her explanations of technical terms were lucid and to the point.

delude / dɪˈluːd / 阅

v. 欺骗，迷惑 deceive

You won’t delude him into believing it.

dismantle / dɪsˈmæntl / 阅

v. 拆开，解散 take apart

The smart boy dismantled the machine into pieces.

depravity ■ / dɪˈprævəti / 阅

n. 堕落，道德败坏 extreme corruption; wickedness

Enjoying life does not mean depravity and indulgence.

manipulate / məˈnɪpjuleɪt / 阅

v. 熟练地操作；巧妙地处理 operate with one’s hands; control or play upon (people, forces, etc.) artfully

Madonna understands how to manipulate entertainment correspondents and publicity.

tangible / ˈtændʒəbl / 阅

adj. 可触知的；真实的 able to be touched; real; palpable

What civilians want most is tangible benefits provided by the government.

rapport / ræˈpɔːr / 阅

n. 彼此友爱的关系，和谐 emotional closeness; harmony

I developed a close rapport with my mother-in-law by taking the middle course to solve conflicts in most cases.

influx / ˈɪnflʌks /

n. 流入 flowing into

The government was not prepared for the large influx of tourists last winter.

eclipse / ɪˈklɪps / 阅

v. 遮住…的光；盖过；使相形见绌 darken; extinguish; surpass

He is eclipsed by his wife’s cleverness.

gist / dʒɪst / 阅

n. 要点，主旨 essence

You need to get the gist of the report.

unequivocal / ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkl / 阅

adj. 明确的，不含糊的 plain; obvious; unmistakable

No investigation has provided unequivocal evidence to the case.

mandatory / ˈmændətɔːri /

adj. 命令的，强制的 obligatory; compulsory

The mandatory retirement age is 60 for most males in China.

persevere / ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr / 阅

v. 坚持不懈，锲而不舍 persist; endure; strive

Children today seem less willing to rise to challenges and persevere in triumphing over adversity.

stalemate / ˈsteɪlmeɪt / 阅

n. 僵局 deadlock

The political negotiations between the two countries have reached a stalemate and a war seems to be the only solution.

nefarious ● / nɪˈferiəs / 阅

adj. 邪恶的，穷凶极恶的 very wicked

My parents believe the stranger has a nefarious purpose.