第三节 拓展练习10题

真题演练

Exercise 1

In observed lessons, any strugglers would be assisted by the teacher or quietly seek help from their neighbour.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 2

According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020, compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 3

This was done by transfers without replacing the persons who left; no one was to be dismissed.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 4

A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2.7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 5

This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 6

Sea ports have been transformed by the advent of powered vessels, whose size and draught have increased.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 7

The study reported here was conducted in the Prince William Hospital in Brisbane, Australia, where, prior to this time, few active steps had been taken to measure, understand or manage the occurrence of absenteeism.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 8

Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world in the 1990s, relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to young people.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 9

But Byers points out that the benefits of increased exercise disappear rapidly after training stops, so many improvement in endurance resulting from juvenile play would be lost by adulthood.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

Exercise 10

For one thing, it's not clear just how sufficient numbers of men and women could have been transported to Ireland to establish a viable population.

译文：__________。

语法破解：__________。

参考答案

Exercise 1

译文：在观摩课上，任何有困难的学生都能得到老师的帮助，或者他们会悄悄请同桌帮助。

语法破解：这是一个简单句，would be assisted和seek help是并列的谓语，would be assisted是被动语态的一般过去将来时。

Exercise 2

译文：根据最新的估计，如果不采取措施扭转交通增长的趋势，运输中排放的二氧化碳预期将会增加大约50%，到2020年将会达到11 130亿吨，相比之下，1990年的记录是7 390亿吨。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，is done是被动语态的一般现在时；主句中的can be expected是情态动词后加被动式。

Exercise 3

译文：这（裁员）通过调离人员完成，但不安排人接替离职者；之后没有人被解雇。

语法破解：分号前是一个主从复合句，主句中的was done是被动语态的一般过去时；who引导的是定语从句，修饰the persons。分号后是一个简单句，was to be dismissed是被动语态的一般过去将来时。

Exercise 4

译文：在地上建造194栋房屋需要14公顷的土地，而在地下则只需占用2.7公顷的土地，而道路的数量会被减半。

语法破解：while前是一个主从复合句，which引导的是定语从句，修饰194 houses。while后是一个简单句，would be halved是被动语态的一般过去将来时。

Exercise 5

译文：这些改变再也没有比当今西方社会更加明显的了，健康的提法和健康的改善正在以新的方式被挑战和扩展。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。when引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰today，该从句中的are being challenged and expanded是被动语态的现在进行时。

Exercise 6

译文：由于加装动力船只的出现，这种船只的尺寸和排水量已经加大，这使得港口发生了转变。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。主句中的have been transformed是被动语态的现在完成时；whose引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰powered vessels。

Exercise 7

译文：这份研究报告是在澳大利亚布里斯本的威廉王子医院内调查后得出的，在得出这份研究报告之前，对缺勤现象几乎没有任何评估、了解或者管理等活动。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。主句中的was conducted是被动语态的一般过去时；where引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰the Prince William Hospital，该从句中的had been taken是被动语态的过去完成时。

Exercise 8

译文：20世纪90年代，尽管在世界范围内，小型企业的培训及贷款计划已经越来越普遍，然而相对而言，很少有人注意到年轻人也需要获得这样的机会。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。Although引导的是让步状语从句，主句中的的has been paid是被动语态的现在完成时。

Exercise 9

译文：但是Byers指出，训练一结束，由增强训练所带来的好处就随之迅速消失了，所以，任何通过小时候的玩耍增强的耐力到了成年阶段都会消失殆尽。

语法破解：so前面是一个多重主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句，该宾语从句中又包含一个由after引导的时间状语从句。so后面是一个简单句，would be lost是被动语态的一般过去将来时。

Exercise 10

译文：一方面，还不清楚大量的男性和女性是如何被运到爱尔兰以形成一个可以存在下去的人群的。

语法破解：这是一个主从复合句。it是形式主语；how引导的是主语从句，该从句中的could have been transported是情态动词后加被动式。