三、答案及点评

PART One Dictation

Learning Sympathy

A big part of being human is feeling sympathy./But how early on in our lives do we learn this?/Scientists find that babies respond to other people/by crying when other babies cry./However,babies can't distinguish between themselves and others/until they are eighteen to twenty months old./Toddlers start to show concern for others around this time./Kids also begin to do things like comforting other people./And by the time they are three,most children would try to protect a victim in a fight.

文章主题：本篇听写内容是关于人类同情心的研究，科学家们研究发现新生儿会对他人的情绪状态进行回应，会因为其他宝宝大哭而大哭。然而，婴儿无法分辨自己和他人的区别，直到他们18到20个月大时才可以做到。刚开始走路的孩子在这一阶段也开始展现出对他人的关注。同时，儿童大约在这一时间段开始做出类似安慰他人的举动。

听写提示：要注意听题目，题目是短文内容的概括，抓住它有助于考生把握短文主题和大意。听第一遍录音时应重点把握主题及文章脉络和大意，适当记录与主题相关的关键词，如sympathy,babies。听第二、三遍录音时应在理解每个意群的基础上边听边记，记录时注意使用缩略语，遇到不会的单词，也可先用中文记下，后面再进行转换。听第四遍录音时，注意查漏补缺，并从语法和拼写角度通篇进行核查。

解 析：这篇听写有一定的难度，整体上句子比较长，且连读和弱读的单词较多，如part of中辅音［t］和元音［ə］连读，考生很容易漏听of。在第三个意群中respond中的辅音［d］弱读，考生会误听为response。最后一个意群中的they are很容易误听为their。在听第一遍时要认真听题目，通过题目把握关键词sympathy就基本能判断文章的主要内容是有关于同情心的。此外，注意toddlers的拼写。

Part Two Listening Comprehension

Section A Talk

原文

Online Education

Good morning,everybody.In today's lecture,we will talk about online education.You know,in some parts of the world,it is not that easy for people to receive education and even in the United States where education is available,it might not be within reach.Thus online courses provided by those world famous universities can bring the best quality education to as many people as we could around the world and for free.

First,let's talk a little bit about some of the components that go into online education.

(1) The first component is that when you move away from the constraints of a physical classroom and design content for an online format,you can break away from,for example,the one-hour lecture format.(2)You can break up the material,for example,into short,modular units of eight to 12 minutes,and each of these short unit introduces a coherent concept.Students can deal with this material in different ways,depending on their background,their skills or their interests.So,for example,some students might benefit from a little bit of preparatory material that other students might already have.Other students might be interested in a particular topic that they want to pursue individually.(3)So this format allows students to break away from the one-size-fits-all model of education,and allows students to follow a much more personalized curriculum.

Second and perhaps one of the biggest components of our online education is that when we need to have students who practice with the material in order to really understand it.There's been a range of studies that demonstrate the importance of this.A study in Science last year,for example,demonstrates that even simple retrieval practice,where students are just supposed to repeat what they already learned gives considerably improved results on various achievement tests.(4)So we need to build a much more meaningful practice questions.(5)Now,fortunately,technology has helped us to provide the students with feedback on these questions.We can now grade a range of interesting type of homework online.

(6)The third component is what is called collaborative learning.Students can collaborate in different online courses in a variety of ways.(7)First of all,there was a question and answer forum,where students could pose questions,and other students could answer those questions.And what is really amazing is that because there were so many students,it means that even if a student posed a question at 3 o'clock in the morning,somewhere around the world,there would be somebody who was awake and working on the same problem and he might answer that question.And so,in many of the online courses,the median response time for a question on the question and answer forum was 22 minutes.

So,in a world,if we want to offer top-quality education to everyone around the world for free,what would that affect us?Three things.(8)First it would establish education as a fundamental human right,where anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need.(9)Second,it would enable lifelong learning.It's a shame that for so many of us,learning stops when we finish high school or when we finish college.By making this amazing content available,we would be able to learn something new every time we wanted,whether it's just to expand our minds or it's to change our lives.(10) And finally,this would make a wave of innovation possible,because amazing talent can be found everywhere.

To sum up today,we have talked about some features of online education and its benefits.We are sure that online education will have a promising future and in the next lecture,we are going to learn how online education has changed people around the world.

1. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育的第一个内容，题干中的constraints可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：physical classroom。讲座中提及“The first component is that when you move away from the constraints of a physical classroom and design content for an online format,you can break away from,for example,the one-hour lecture format”。即第一个内容就是当你摆脱了教室的束缚和为在线课程明确地设计内容的时候，你可以不再使用类似单调的一小时讲座的模式。故答案为physical classroom。

2. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育的第一个内容，题干中的short,modular units可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：a coherent concept。讲座中提及“You can break up the material,for example,into short,modular units of eight to 12 minutes,and each of these short unit introduces a coherent concept.”。题干中的discussing与原文中introduce同义。句意为：你可以将材料分成8到12分钟的短的单元，每一个都代表一个连贯的概念。故答案为a coherent concept。

3. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育的第一个内容的细节信息。题干中的much more可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：personalized curriculum/personalized course。讲座中提及：“So this format allows students to break away from the one-size-fits-all model of education,and allows students to follow a much more personalized curriculum.”句意为：因此这种模式可以让我们逃出 “一刀切” 的教育方法 并且允许学生去遵循一个更个性化的课程安排。故答案为personalized curriculum/personalized course。

4. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育第二个方面的内容。题干中的providing students with和questions可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：more meaningful practice。讲座中提及“so we need to build a much more meaningful practice questions”，即：我们需要创设更加有趣且实用的测试。故答案为more meaningful practice。

5. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育第二个方面的内容。题干中的on the questions可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：feedback。讲座中提及“Now,fortunately,technology has helped us to provide the students with feedback on these questions.”。即：值得庆幸的是，现在的技术已经可以帮助我们为学生提供对这些测试的反馈。故答案为feedback。

6. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育第三个方面的内容，题干中的in different ways可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：collaborate。讲座中提及“The third component is what is called collaborative learning.Students can collaborate in different online courses in a variety of ways.”。题干中的in different ways是原文中的a variety of ways同义转述。句意为：第三个部分是协作学习。学生可以用多种方式协作学习在线课程。故答案为collaborate。

7. 读题：本题主要考查在线教育第三个方面的内容，题干中的forum可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：question and answer。讲座中提及“First of all,there was a question and answer forum,where students could pose questions,and other students could answer those questions.”。即：我们有一个问答平台，学生可以提出问题,然后其他学生可以回答问题。故答案为question and answer。

8. 读题：本题考查的是讲座的最后一部分，即在线教育的好处的第一个方面。题干中的education as可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：fundamental human right。讲座中提及“First it would establish education as a fundamental human right,where anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need.”。即：首先教育变成了人类最基本的权利，世界上所有有能力和积极性的人都可以得到他们所需要的技能。故答案为fundamental human right。

9. 读题：本题考查的是讲座的最后一部分，即在线教育的好处的第二个方面。题干中的enabling可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：lifelong learning。讲座中提及“Second,it would enable lifelong learning.”即：这会使终生学习成为可能。故答案为lifelong learning。

10. 读题：本题考查的是讲座的最后一部分，即在线教育的好处的第三个方面。题干中的making possible可以帮助考生确定信息点的位置。

解析：a wave of innovation。讲座中提及“And finally,this would make a wave of innovation possible,because amazing talent can be found everywhere.”。即：最后,这个项目会带来一股创新潮，因为到处都能找到惊人的天才。故答案为a wave of innovation。

Section Two Conversations

Conversation One

原文

W:Good afternoon,this is BES Customer Service Line,Maggie's speaking.How could I help you?

M:Yeah,yeah,look,it's about the computer I bought off you one month ago.

W:Yes?What seems to be the problem?

M:Well,(1①) I was transferring my files to it from my flash drive and they got lost,everything.

1.What's wrong with the man's computer?

W:OK,now don't worry,I am sure we can sort something out.First,can you give me a few details?The computer has lost all your data you say?

M:Yes,but you don't understand,(1②)it's wiped everything of the flash drive as well.My whole life!My whole life was in those files.

W:Oh my goodness.Are you sure?Sounds like the problem is with your flash drive.

M:Of course not.There's nothing wrong with my flash drive.I've had it for years and I used it yesterday in my office in another computer.

W:OK.I can understand how upset you must be.Now I don't think we can deal with it on the phone.So I'm going to send a service engineer to see if they can retrieve your data.Can you give me your product reference number?

M:Eh…yes,it's…here it is.it's RF40-101.

W:Thank you.

M:(2①) I'll be expecting a total refund and compensation if this can't be fixed.

2.How will the man be compensated if the computer can't be fixed?

W:I'm sorry,but we're not of the rights to give refunds.(2②) What I can do is to send you a brand new computer.How would that be?

M:(3) But mine is supposed to be a brand new computer.You think I want another one of these after what the last one did to my files?

3.How did the man feel about the woman's offer of compensation?

W:Well,let's see what our engineer can do.Hopefully,it's not quite as bad as you think.Now I've got your address here in your customer file.No.23 Bond Street,right?

M:Yeah,right.

W:And it's Mr.Adams,isn't it?

M:Yes.

W:Right.Mr.Adams,(4①) we'll have an engineer with you early tomorrow morning,and I'll ask him to bring a new hard disc with him.Will you be at home?

4.When will the service engineer come to fix the computer?

M:Yes,(4②) but not before 8:30.

W:OK.Our engineer will contact you before he comes.(5①) Can you be reached by this number,65743205?

M:(5②) Yes,sure.

5.What is the man's phone number?

W:Well,best of luck this afternoon.I hope we can solve the problem for you.

M:Well,thanks.Um…Good bye.

W:Goodbye,Mr.Adams.

主题推测：由选项中提及的flash drive,data,lost,computer 可以推测对话与电脑数据有关。由refund“退款”推测对话可能会涉及消费者索赔的事宜，由此可推测，对话的中心内容可能是电脑损坏、索赔或维修。

1. 读题：四个选项的内容比较长。注意抓住关键词：data,flash drive,can't be opened,lost。

解析：选A。细节题。问题是：男士的电脑出了什么问题?对话中男士向女士反映他的问题时说道：I was transferring my files to it from my flash drive and they got lost,everything.即：当我把闪存盘里的资料拷贝到电脑的时候，盘里的数据全部丢失了。由此可知，男士的问题是电脑将闪存盘里的数据弄丢了。故答案为A。

2. 读题：四个选项的内容都比较简短，听音前可快速浏览选项，注意每个选项中的名词。

解析：选C。细节题。问题是：如果电脑修不好，男士将获得什么赔偿?对话中，男士提及如果电脑修不好，希望能够全额退款，但遭到女士的拒绝，女士回答说可以获得一台全新的电脑。故答案为C。

3. 读题：四个选项的内容都比较简短，都是涉及感情状态的词，由此可猜测，问题可能与对话中人物的态度有关。

解析：选D。推测题。问题是：对于女士提出的赔偿，男士持何种态度?对话中，男士对女士所提出的赔偿的反应是：But mine is supposed to be a brand new computer.You think I want another one of this after what the last one did to my files?由此可推知，男士对女士所提出的赔偿方案不满意。故答案为D。

4. 读题：选项内容简短，关键词为after 8:30,by 8:30,at 8:30。

解析：选B。细节题。问题是：维修工程师什么时候来修理电脑?对话中，女士提及会 在明天一大早让维修工程师维修，男士回答说不要早于8:30。由此可知，维修工程师会在 明早8点半之后上门维修。故答案为B。

5. 读题：本题的选项均为数字，属于数字细节题。从数字的构成猜测表示的可能是电话号码。

解析：选A。细节题。问题是：男士的电话号码是什么?在对话中，女士问到6574-3205 的电话号码是否可以联系到男士，男士给予肯定回答。由此可知，男士的电话 号码为：6574-3205。故答案为A。

Conversation Two

Well for years,people have been trying to keep up with the Joneses,but instead of competing with your neighbors,how about actually trying to get along with them?Joining us with some simple tips on how to deal with those likable and not so likable neighbors is Betty Wang.She is the Executive Editor of Family Circle Magazine.

M:Good morning,Betty.

W:Good morning.Alan.

M:Well,in an ideal world,I guess we would all get along with our neighbors,wouldn't we?

W:Right,right,we hope so.

M:But how do you establish a good relationship when you move into a neighborhood?Right?Should you reach out to the neighbors?Or should they be reaching out to you?

W:I think it can work either way,I mean,certainly if they don't reach out to you,don't assume that they are being rude or unfriendly.They just might be holding back because they think you're too busy.(6) So if they don't make that first step,you know after a few days,go ahead and introduce yourself.

6.What should we do if our neighbors didn't reach out?

M:Yeah,neighbors can be really helpful but,of course they can also be annoying,for example,neighbors who make a lot of noise.

W:Well,loud music is one of those top complaints,and I think,you know,for most reasons,people,they probably aren't even aware that they are causing problems for their neighbors.(7) And I think if you bring it up to your neighbors'attention,they will be more than happy to fix it.You could say something like,you know,I'm kind of…,I'm really a light sleeper,or I suffer from headache,can you help me out by,you know,turning down the music during those evening hours,or the early morning,or come up with a compromise that works for both of you.

7.Which is the best way to handle a noisy neighbor?

M:Don't just call the police,right?Which a lot of people do.

W:Of course,no.

M:Right,then,what about a nosy neighbor?

W:Right,I think a lot of time we may mistake nosy behavior for being,you know,nosy or poky when they are just being kind of trying to be friendly or maybe that person is lonely.(8) It's…You kind of have to see what the motive is there and oftentimes,if you are little evasive,or you just don't answer their question,they often take the hint and back off.

8.What should we do if we have a nosy neighbor?

M:And the neighbor that come to visit and won't go away?

W:Well,(9) I think,you know that,there might be somebody who is just really lonely and wants a friend.You know,oftentimes,I think the rule is a five-or ten-minute-visit is fine.Because,you know that way you are not imposing on that person's schedule or that person's plan.But you know,you don't have to be best friends with your neighbor at all,you can just be polite,and say hello in the morning and that makes everybody's relationship so much better.

9.How long do we expect our neighbors to stay?

M:Well,that's important,Betty Wang,thanks so much for the tips(10) we appreciate from Family Circle Magazine and for more on this topic and others,head to the Early Show website at CBS news.com.

10.Where can we get more information on this topic?

主题推测：由选项中提及的introduce,meeting,visit可以推测，对话应该与人际关系有关。

6. 读题：四个选项的内容都不相同，读题时应把握每个选项中的动宾结构：hold a party,introduce ourselves,avoid meeting,wait to visit。

解析：选B。细节题。问题是：如果我们的邻居不与我们接触，我们应该怎么做?对话中女士提及，如果他们不与我们接触，我们应该主动介绍我们自己（go ahead and introduce yourself）。故答案为B。

7. 读题：四个选项的内容都不相同，读题时应把握每个选项中的动宾结构：do nothing;tell to stop;give a reason;call the police。

解析：选C。细节题。问题是：如果我们有个吵闹的邻居，我们应该怎么做?对话中女 士提及如果我们能够引起邻居的注意（bring it up to your neighbors'attention），他 们会很乐意改正的（more than happy to fix it），之后指出应该如何向邻居说明原因。故答案为C。

8. 读题：四个选项中的关键词分别为patient；sympathetic；don't friendly；don't answer。

解析：选D。细节题。问题是：如果我们有一个爱打听的邻居，我们应该怎么办?对话中女士提及，如果你表现的疏远，或者不回答他们的问题，他们就会知趣地走开了（if you are a little evasive,or you just don't answer their question,they often take the hint and back off.）。故答案为D。

9. 读题：本题主要关注选项中的数字。

解析：选B。细节题。问题是：我们希望我们的邻居待多长时间?对话中女士提及那些 登门拜访的邻居们通常只是寂寞了，想要找个朋友而已。只是5到10分钟的拜访还是可以接受的（a five-to-ten minute visit is fine.）故答案为B。

10. 读题：本题选项中的关键信息分别为：magazine;radio programs；Betty's website；CBS news website。

解析：选D。细节题。问题是：在哪里我们可以获得更多有关这个话题的信息?对话 的最后，男士提及for more on this topic,head to the Early Show website at CBS news.com.故答案为D。