CHAPTER 4 D

daily[ˈdeili]adj.每日的;n.日报

When my mother went to France for travel, one of my friends there arranged my mother's daily life for me.

妈妈去法国旅游的时候,那里的一个朋友帮我安排了妈妈的日常生活。

dairy [ˈdɛəri] n.牛奶场,乳制品

We bought milk at the dairy.

我们在奶品店买牛奶。

dam [dæm] n.水坝,水堤,障碍物

They reinforced the dam with sandbags when the flood came.

洪水到来时,他们用沙袋加固堤坝。

damage[ˈdæmidʒ]vt.损害,损坏 n.损害

These worms do damage to our vegetables.

这些小虫会损害我们的蔬菜。

damp[dæmp]adj.潮湿的,有湿气的

I don't want the damp wood which doesn't burn well.

我不要潮湿的木头,它们不好烧。

dance[ˈdɑ:ns]vi.跳舞,摇晃;n.舞

Would you mind dancing with me?

能和我跳支舞吗?

danger [ˈdeindʒə] n.危险,危险事物

Of course there is always danger in a battle.

战场上总是有危险。

dangerous[ˈdeindʒərəs]adj.危险的,不安全的

There is an old saying; a little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

有一句老话叫做:一知半解是很危险的事。

dare[dɛə]vt.& aux.v.敢,竟敢

I can't believe it! How dare you accuse me of stealing her wallet.

我真不敢相信,你竟敢控告我偷她的钱包。

daring[ˈdɛəriŋ]adj.大胆的,勇敢的

Though he is only a child, he performed many daring exploits.

虽然他只是个孩子,可他却有许多大胆之举。

dark[dɑ:k]adj.暗的,黑色的

The car moved at a crawl in the dark.

汽车在黑暗中缓慢移动。

darling [ˈdɑ:liŋ] n.亲爱的人,宠儿

Why are you crying, my darling?

亲爱的,你为什么哭啊?

dash[dæʃ]vt.使猛撞,溅;n.猛冲

Little mountain stream is dashing down to the plain.

小山涧奔腾而下,流向平原。

考点:dash off迅速离去

data [ˈdeitə] n.数据,资料

More and more data proved that ape is our forebear.

越来越多的资料证明猿就是我们的祖先。

database [ˈdeitəbeis] n.数据库,基本数据

What's the matter? The database list is empty!

怎么回事?数据库列表为空!

date[deit]n.日期,约会;vt.注……日期

We concluded our date at ten o'clock that night.

那晚我们十点钟结束了约会。

daughter [ˈdɔ:tə] n.女儿

The merchant's mind reeled when he learned that his daughter had been abducted.

得知女儿被人拐走,这个商人只觉得一阵眩晕。

dawn[dɔ:n]n.黎明,开端;vi.破晓,开始

I just want to remind you that the enemy will strike at dawn.

我就是想告诉你敌人会在拂晓时发起进攻。

考点:dwan on / up开始明白,醒悟

deadline [ˈdedlain] n.限期,截止日期,最后期限

I am sure I can meet the deadline.

我确定我能在截止日期前完成。

deadly[ˈdedli]adj.致命的,死一般的

He got a deadly disease.

他得了致命的疾病。

deaf[def]adj.聋的,不愿听的

The optimistic deaf man believes that physical disability will never cause mental anguish.

那位乐观的耳聋人相信身体上的残疾并不会引起心理上的苦闷。

考点:turn a deaf ear to不愿听

deal[di:l]n.买卖,待遇;vt.给予

My grandpa doesn't want to live on his pension, so he begins to deal with others.

爷爷不想靠退休金生活,所以开始和别人一起做生意。

考点:deal in经营;deal with处理

dean [di:n] n.教长,学院院长,系主任

Most of the students like the new dean very much.

学生们大都很喜欢这位新系主任。

debate[diˈbeit]n.&vi.争论,辩论

It is estimated that the debate will be televised live this weekend.

据估计这个辩论赛本周末将会现场直播。

debt [det] n.债,债务,欠债;

I'm glad that I have already wiped off all my debt.

我很高兴,我已经还清了所有的债务。

考点:in debt欠债,负债;in sb's debt欠某人的人情

decade [ˈdekeid] n.十年,十年期

Two decades have elapsed since she gave birth to her first baby.

自从她生下第一个孩子,20年已经过去了。

decay[diˈkei]vi.腐烂,衰败;n.腐烂

My grandmother told me that salt can preserve food from decay.

我外婆告诉我盐能防止食物腐烂。

deceive[diˈsi:v]vt.欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗

He used to deceive others by trickery.

他过去常常用诡计欺骗其他人。

考点:cheat, deceive的区别:

cheat侧重采取不诚实手段,获得某种个人利益,或损害他人利益。

deceive侧重将不真实情况告诉别人或以某种错误说法、理论、假象等使人上当。

decent[ˈdi:snt]adj.正派的,体面的

We all want to live a decent life.

我们都想过体面的生活。

deception [diˈsepʃən] n.欺瞒,欺诈

The man obtained their trust by deception.

那人靠欺骗获取了他们的信任。

decide[diˈsaid]vt.决定,决心,解决

I decided to draw a diagram in proper position.

我决定在合适的地方画一张图表。

decision [diˈsiʒən] n.决定,决心,果断

I advise you to make a decision as soon as possible.

我建议你尽快做决定。

deck [dek] n.甲板,舱面,层面

I stand on the deck breezing the sea wind.

我站在甲板上吹海风。

declaration [ˌdekləˈreiʃən] n.宣告,声明,宣言

Do you know who drafted The Declaration of Independence?

你知道是谁起草的《独立宣言》吗?

declare[diˈklɛə]vt.断言,声明,表明

I now declare this meeting open.

我现在宣布会议开幕。

decline[diˈklain]vt.&vi.拒绝,谢绝,推辞,下垂

I declined to have dinner with that man, saying that I wasn't feeling well.

我说身体不舒服,婉拒了和那个男士共进晚餐。

考点:decline是“婉言谢绝”; refuse, reject是“拒绝”

decorate[ˈdekəreit]vt.装饰,装璜,修饰

I bought a new house, and prepared to decorate it.

我买了一个新房子,准备对它进行装修。

考点:decorate...with sth.用……装饰……

decoration [ˌdekəˈreiʃən] n.装修,装饰(品)

I am excited when Halloween comes, because father can make many beautiful decorations.

每当万圣节前夕到来时,我总是很兴奋,因为父亲会做很多漂亮的装饰。

decrease[di:ˈkri:s]vi.减少;n.减少

The manager offered some measures which could help decrease the cost of production.

经理提出了一些措施有助于降低生产成本。

考点:an increase / decrease in sth.某事的增长(减少)

deduct[diˈdʌkt]vt.扣除,减去

The company deducts part of my pay because of my being late.

由于迟到,公司扣了我一部分工资。

deed [di:d] n.行为,功绩,契约

Though we can't recall his feature, we still remembered the good deeds he had done.

虽然我们已经记不起他的容貌,但我们依然清晰地记得他做的好人好事。

defeat[diˈfi:t]vt.战胜,击败,挫败

At the news that their army was defeated, all the people fell in gloomy silence.

听到他们军队战败的消息,所有人都感到沮丧沉默不语。

defect [diˈfekt] n.缺点,缺陷,欠缺

He wanted to find some ways to make up for a defect of his character.

他想要找到一些方法来弥补他性格上的缺点。

defence [diˈfens] n.防御,防务,辩护

As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defence.

我作为武装部队的总司令命令采取一切措施进行防御。

defend[diˈfend]vt.保卫,防守

If the enemy army dares to invade, we must defend to the death our motherland.

如果敌军敢来侵犯,我们必须誓死保卫我们的国家。

defensive[diˈfensiv]adj.防卫的,自卫的;n.防御

My brother is a defensive player.

我弟弟是一位防守型选手。

deficiency [diˈfiʃənsi] n.缺乏,不足,缺陷

We can see the deficiency in this pIan.

我们可以看到这个计划的不足之处。

deficit [ˈdefisit] n.不足,缺陷,亏损

The surcharge may change the composition of our country's trade deficit.

附加税可能会改变我国贸易赤字的组成结构。

define[diˈfain]vt.给……下定义,限定

It's difficuIt for us to define success.

我们很难给成功定义。

考点:define...as...把……定义为……

definite[ˈdefinit]adj.明确的,肯定的

Our English teacher told us that the word "the" is the only definite article in English.

我们的英语老师告诉我们,“the”这个词是英语中唯一的定冠词。

definitely[ˈdefinitli]adv.一定地,明确地

The narcissuses are white or yellow, so this unknown red flower is definiteIy not narcissus.

水仙花是白色或者黄色的,所以这个不知名的红花肯定不是水仙。

definition [ˌdefiˈniʃən] n.定义,释义,定界

If you don't know the definition of homonym, you can check it in this book.

如果你不知道同形异义词的定义,你可以在这本书里查一下。

defy[diˈfai]vt.蔑视,不管,不怕

The pine trees defy severe cold.

松树不畏严寒。

考点:sth. defy description / understanding

某物难以描述(理解)

degree [dɪˈgri:] n.程度,度,学位

To my delight, I will get my degree in dentistry this June.

令我高兴的是,我今年六月份就要拿到牙医学位了。

delay[diˈlei]vt.推迟,耽搁,延误,删除

Don't worry; maybe he was deIayed by the traffic jam.

别担心,或许他因为交通堵塞而耽误了。

考点:delay doing sth.推迟做某事

delegate[ˈdeligit]n.代表(团成员); vt.委派代表

As an official delegate, he will go to Shanghai for an important meeting.

作为一名正式代表,他将去上海参加一个重要会议。

delegation [ˌdeliˈgeiʃən] n.代表团

All the streets were decorated with flags to welcome the Chinese delegation.

所有的街道都悬旗欢迎中国代表团。

考点:delegation指代表团时,既可以看做单数,也可以看做复数,要视情况而定。

deliberate[diˈlibəreit]vt.考虑,熟思,讨论

vi.思考,协商

adj.故意的,早有准备的

I think it's a deliberate crime not an accident.

我认为这是蓄意的罪行,而并非意外事故。

(CET-4 2003.6) Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was ____.

A) meaningful

B) deliberate

C) innocent

D) mature

详解:选B。题意为:史密斯先生是唯一声称这是故意纵火案的目击者。deliberate在这里指的是“有准备的,故意的”。

delicate[ˈdelikit]adj.纤细的,易碎的

Rose broke the delicate glass that her father likes best, so she dared not tell him.

罗丝打破了那只爸爸最喜欢的精品玻璃杯,所以她不敢告诉他。

(CET-4 2002.6) During the process, great care has to be taken to protect the ____ silk from damage.

A) tender

B) delicate

C) sensible

D) sensitive

详解:选B。题意为:在加工时应格外小心,不要弄坏这精美的丝绸。

A) tender意思是“柔嫩的,脆弱的”;

B) delicate意思是“精美的”;

C) sensible意思是“明智的,明显的”;

D) sensitive意思是“敏感的,灵活的”。

delight[diˈlait]n.快乐;vt.使高兴

To our delight, we are progressing in the writing skills.

令我们高兴的是,我们的写作技能在不断提高。

demand[diˈmɑ:nd]vt.要求,需要,询问

There aren't enough yoga schools in the town to satisfy the demand for them.

在这个城镇里,没有足够的瑜伽学校来满足大家的需要。

考点:in demand非常受欢迎的;on demand一经要求

demanding[diˈmɑ:ndiŋ]adj.需要技能的,苛求的

We all know teaching is a demanding profession.

我们都知道教学是个要求很高的工作。

democracy [diˈmɔkrəsi] n.民主,民主制

What do you think of the Western democracies?

你认为西方的民主制度怎么样呢?

democratic[ˌdeməˈkrætik]adj.民主的,民主政体的

These measures are taken to reinforce democratic centralism and oppose decentralism.

这些措施是用来加强中央集权制和反对分裂的。

demonstrate[ˈdemənstreit]vt.说明,论证,表露

The physicist must think of an effective way to demonstrate his scientific assumption.

这位物理学家必须想出一个有效的方法来论证他的科学设想。

denial [diˈnaiəl] n.否认,拒绝

I didn't know my denial of her request hurt her.

我不知道我的拒绝伤害了她。

dense [dens] adj.密集的,浓厚的

I can see nothing but the dense palls of smoke hung over the site.

我什么也看不见,除了看到浓密的烟幕。

density [ˈdensiti] n.密集,稠密,密度

Do you know the urban population density in this province?

你知道这个省的城市人口密度吗?

(CET-4 2002.6) Britain has the highest ____ of road traffic in the world——over 60 cars for every mile of road.

A) density

B) intensity

C) popularity

D) prosperity

详解:选A。题意为:英国是世界上公路交通密度最大的国家——平均每英里的公路上有60辆汽车。

A) density意思是“密集,稠密”;

B) intensity意思是“强度”;

C) popularity意思是“大众性,流行”;

D) prosperity意思是“繁荣”。

dental[ˈdentl]adj.牙齿的,牙科(用)的;n.齿音

You should have a dental checked-up.

你应该去牙科做一次检查。

dentist [ˈdentist] n.牙医

The dentist told the boy not to eat too many sweets.

牙医告诫男孩不要吃太多糖果。

deny[diˈnai]vt.否定,拒绝相信

This is not to deny that China has been overinvestment in some sectors, such as steel and cars.

不可否认中国已经在一些行业,如钢铁业和汽车业,存在过度投资的现象。

考点:deny sb. sth.拒绝给予某人某物;

deny doing sth.否认做某事

depart[diˈpɑ:t]vi.离开,起程,出发

We will depart on a journey tomorrow.

我们明天要去旅行。

department [diˈpɑ:tmənt] n.部,司,局,处,系

He said he was the successive head of personnel department.

他说他是新任的人事部负责人。

departure [diˈpɑ:tʃə] n.离开,出发,起程

Everyone in the company was surprised by his sudden departure.

公司每个人都为他的突然离开而感到吃惊。

depend[diˈpend]vi.依靠,依赖,相信

Health depends on good food, enough sleep and regular exercise.

健康依靠的是好的食物,充足的睡眠和适当的运动。

考点:sb. depend on某人依赖……;

sth. depend on依……而定

dependence [diˈpendəns] n.依靠,依赖,相信

I like her self-dependence most.

我最欣赏她的自立。

dependent[diˈpendənt]adj.依靠的,依赖的

Generally speaking, China is heavily dependent on its exports of agricultural commodities.

通常来说,中国在很大程度上是依靠农产品的出口的。

depict[diˈpikt]vt.刻画,描写,叙述

In the book, the character of the heroine is depicted to a nicety.

在这本书里,主人公的性格被刻画得非常细腻。

deposit[diˈpɔzit]vt.使沉淀,存放

He wanted to deposit his money in the bank.

他想把他的钱存在银行里。

考点:despoit sth. with sb.把某物存放在某人处

depress[diˈpres]vt.使沮丧,按下

Bad weather always depresses me.

坏天气总会使我心情抑郁。

depression [diˈpreʃən] n.低落,消沉,萧条

Our company sheared a lot of employees during the great depression.

在经济大萧条期间我们公司削减了很多员工。

(CET-4 2003.6) Many people lost their jobs during the business ____.

A) despair

B) decrease

C) desperation

D) depression

详解:选D。题意为:许多人在经济萧条时期丢掉了工作。depression指(经济)萧条,该词的程度及范围比recession要小。

depth [depθ] n.深度,深厚,深处

More and more snow fell, and it accumulated to a depth of eight feet.

雪越下越大了,已经积到8尺深了。

考点:in depth深入地,彻底地;

out of one's depth非……所不理解

deputy [ˈdepjuti] n.代理人,代表,副手

Our deputy manager is the virtual head of the business.

我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人。

考点:a deputy for sb.某人的代理人

derive[diˈraiv]vt.取得;vi.起源

You know we can derive the knowledge from books.

你知道我们能从书中获得知识。

考点:derive...from源自,来自

descend[diˈsend]vi.下来,下降,下倾

I saw the balloon descended on the river.

我看见汽球落在河面上。

describe[disˈkraib]vt.形容,描写,描绘

Can you describe the character of the Republic?

你能为你描述一下共和国的性质吗?

description [disˈkripʃən] n.脚本,描写,形容

Our teacher gave us a vivid description.

我们老师给我们做了一番生动的描述。

desert[ˈdezət]n.沙漠;vt.离弃,擅离

There is no sign of vegetation in the desert.

沙漠中寸草不生。

deserve[diˈzə:v]vt.应受,值得

I tried to hint my boss that I deserved a promotion.

我竭力暗示老板我应该得到晋升。

考点:deserve doing sth.主动形式表被动意思。

design[diˈzain]vt.设计;n.设计,图样

Your room is designed with good proportion.

你的房间设计的比例很均衡。

考点:by design有意地

desirable[diˈzaiərəbl]adj.值得相望的,可取的

It is desirable that we provide for the poor.

施舍穷人是可喜的事。

desire[diˈzaiə]vt.相望,要求;n.愿望

She has strong desire to dominate over others.

她很想支配别人。

考点:desire后接that从句时,从句中的谓语动词要用“(should)+动词原形”表示虚拟。

desktop [ˈdesktɔp] n.桌面,案头工作

I have dragged it into the desktop.

我把它拖到桌面了。

despair[disˈpɛə]n.& vi.绝望

In rudderless despair, he began to search for ideological sustenance.

在失去航向的绝望中,他开始寻找思想以寄托。

考点:in despair在绝望中

desperate[ˈdespərit]adj.拼死的,绝望的

He was desperate when he knew he got cancer.

当得知自己患上癌症时,他绝望了。

dessert [diˈzə:t] n.甜食,点心

I want some pudding for dessert.

我想吃一些布丁作为点心。

destination [ˌdestiˈneiʃən] n.目的地,终点,目标

Oh, the letter was sent to a wrong destination.

噢,信被送错了目的地。

destroy[disˈtrɔi]vt.破坏,消灭,打破

You must know some bad words will destroy the relationship between friends.

你必须清楚一些不好的话会伤害朋友间的关系。

destruction [disˈtrʌkʃən] n.破坏,毁灭,消灭

Drinking was his destruction.

酗酒是他毁灭的原因。

destructive[disˈtrʌktiv]adj.破坏性的,否定的

We can do nothing to this kind of destructive malfunction.

对于这种破坏性故障我们一点办法也没有。

detail [ˈdi:teil] n.细节,枝节,零件

Can you give us more details about a solid?

你能给我们多讲一些有关立体图形的东西吗?

考点:go into details详细叙说,逐一说明;

in detail详细地

detect[diˈtekt]vt.察觉,发觉,侦察

I detected sadness from his expression.

我从他的表情中察觉到他的忧伤。

detection [diˈtekʃən] n.察觉,发觉,侦察

Some sounds cannot be detected by the human ear.

一些声音人的耳朵是觉察不到的。

detective [diˈtektiv] n.侦探

As far as I know, he is a productive writer of detective stories.

据我所知,他是写侦探小说的多产作家。

determination [diˌtə:miˈneiʃən] n.决心,决定,确定

He is a man of determination.

他是一个有决断力的人。

determine[diˈtə:min]vt.决定,查明,决心

She determined to give up her schooling and go to earn money.

她决定放弃学业去挣钱了。

考点:determine to do sth.决心做某事

device [diˈvais] n.器械,装置,设计

He wants to invent a new device for catching mice.

他想发明新的捕鼠器

考点:leave to one's own devices

听任……自便,任……自行发展

devil [ˈdevl] n.魔鬼,恶魔

Satan is a devil in the bible.

撒旦是圣经里的一个魔鬼。

devise[diˈvaiz]vt.设计,发明

As for this project, you should devise a new plan.

对于这个工程,你要设计一个新计划。

devote[diˈvəut]vt.将……奉献,致力于

He has devoted his whole life to composing music.

他一生都致力于音乐创作。

diagnose[ˈdaiəgnəuz]vt.诊断,判断

Our challenge is how to diagnose this kind of disease in unborn children.

我们的挑战是如何诊断出未出生的孩子患有这种疾病。

dialect [ˈdaiəlekt] n.方言,土语,地方话

There are many dialects in the movie, so most of us can't understand its content.

这部电影里有很对方言,所以我们中的大多数人理解不了它的内容。

diameter [daiˈæmitə] n.直径

The diameter of the circle is 20 centimetres.

这个圆的直径是20厘米。

diamond [ˈdaiəmənd] n.金钢石,钻石,菱形

In order to find the Iost diamond, he searched everybody in the bus.

为了找到丢失的钻石,他对车上的每一个人进行了搜身。

dictate[dikˈteit]vt.&vi.口授,命令

The boss dictated a letter to the typist.

老板向打字员口授了一封信。

dictation [dikˈteiʃən] n.口授笔录,听写

Let's have a dictation before the new lesson.

进行新课之前,我们先做一个听写测试。

die[dai]vi.死,死亡,灭亡

Knowing that he was about to die, the old man began to prepare his coffin secretIy.

知道自己将不久于人世,老人开始偷偷地为自己准备棺材。

diet [ˈdaiət] n.议会,国会,饮食

Could you recommend some diet for old people to me?

你能向我推荐一些适合老年人的饮食吗?

考点:on a diet节食

differ[ˈdifə]vi.不同,相异

The twins look alike, but their tastes differ from each other.

这对双胞胎长相相似,可是嗜好却不同。

考点:differ from与……不同;differ with不同意

dig[dig]vt.掘,挖,采掘

He dug a hole to bury his treasure.

他挖个洞把自己的宝藏给埋了。

考点:dig out挖出,发现;dig up挖掘出,找出

digest[diˈdʒest]vt.消化,领会;n.文摘

The French fries is hard for me to digest.

炸土豆对我来说不易消化。

digital[ˈdidʒitl]adj.数字的,计数的

It is convenient to use a digital camera.

数码相机用起来很方便。

dignity [ˈdigniti] n.庄严,尊严,高贵

The old man was once conferred the dignity of a peerage by the queen.

老人曾经被女王授予贵族身份。

dilemma [diˈlemə] n.困境,窘迫,进退两难

He seems to be in a dilemma.

他似乎身陷困境。

dim[dim]adj.昏暗的,朦胧的

A dim shape loomed up in the dense fog.

浓雾中出现一个模糊的身影。

(CET-4 2005.12) "This light is too ____ for me to read by. Don't we have a brighter bulb somewhere? " said the elderly man.

A) mild

B) dim

C) minute

D) slight

详解:选B。题意为:“在这么昏暗的灯光下我没法看书,我们就没有亮点的灯泡吗?”。

A) mild意思是“温和的,适度的”;

B) dim意思是“昏暗的”;

C) minute意思是“仔细的”;

D) slight意思是“轻微的”。

dimension [diˈmenʃən] n.尺寸,尺度,面积

There is a building of vast dimensions.

那儿有一个大面积的建筑。

dip[dip]vt.浸,蘸;vi.浸一浸

He likes to dip his head into water.

他喜欢把头潜入水中。

考点:dip into浸入,浏览,从……中取得

diplomat [ˈdipləmæt] n.外交官(家),圆滑的人

Zhou Enlai was known as a famous statesman and diplomat.

周恩来是一位著名的政治家和外交家。

diplomatic[ˌdipləˈmætik]adj.外交的,有手腕的

Marry's father was in the diplomatic service.

玛丽的爸爸供职于外交部。

direction [diˈrekʃən] n.方向,方位,指导

The direction of the thrust of the rockets is controlled by computer.

火箭推力的方向是由电脑控制的。

directly[diˈrektli]adv.直接地,立即

You can tell me what you think directly.

你可以直接告诉我你是怎么想的。

考点:direct, directly的区别:

direct用于具体意义:“不拐弯,不转向”;

directly用于抽象意义上的“直接地”。

director [diˈrektə] n.指导者,理事,导演

That director made his daughter start as a junior clerk in the company.

那个董事让他的女儿从初级文员做起。

disable[disˈeibl]vt.使无能,使伤残

The joys of travel, having long neglected the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.

旅游业长期以来不重视残疾人,而现在只要有条件,几乎每个人都可以享受旅游的乐趣。

disagree[ˌdisəˈgri:]vi.有分歧,不一致

Paul intended to name his baby after his grandfather, but his wife disagreed.

保罗打算给孩子取他祖父的名字,但妻子不同意。

disappear[ˌdisəˈpiə]vi.不见,失踪,消失

The suspect turned into an alley, but when the detective tracked him there, he had disappeared.

嫌疑人拐进一个小巷中,但当侦探追踪到那里时,他已经不见了。

(CET-4 2003.12) Many a player who had been highly thought of has ____ from the tennis scene.

A) disposed

B) disappeared

C) discouraged

D) discarded

详解:选B。题意为:许多曾经万众瞩目的运动员已退隐网坛。

A) dispose意思是“处理”;

B) disappear意思是“消失”;

C) discourage意思是“使丧失”;

D) discard意思是“丢弃,抛弃”。

disappoint[ˌdisəˈpɔint]vt.使失望,使受挫折

She was very disappointed with her lazy husband.

她对她的懒丈夫很失望。

disappointing[ˌdisəˈpɔintiŋ]adj.让人失望的

What he has done is disappointing.

他的所作所为让人失望。

disapprove[ˌdisəˈpru:v]vt.不批准,不赞成;vi.不同意

My parents disapprove of my marriage

我父母不赞成我的婚姻。

disarm[disˈɑ:m]vt.&vi.解除武装,放下武器

It is not easy to persuade them to disarm.

要说服他们放下武器很不容易。

disaster [diˈzɑ:stə] n.灾难,灾祸,天灾

These difficuIties are caused by naturaI disasters.

这些困难都是由自然灾害造成的。

discard[disˈkɑ:d]vt.丢弃,抛弃,遗弃

He discards his wife for another woman.

他为了另外一个女人遗弃了他的妻子。

discharge[disˈtʃɑ:dʒ]vt.释放,排出,解雇;n.释放

Do you know the reason why he was discharged?

你知道他被解雇的原因吗?

discipline[ˈdisiplin]n.纪律,训练;vt.训练

I think our company lacks discipline.

我觉得我们公司纪律不严明。

disco = discotheque [ˈdiskəu] n.迪斯科

I guess you can dance to the disco music.

我想你可以跟着迪斯科乐曲跳舞。

discount [ˈdiskaunt] n.折扣

I bought this umbrella at 30% discount.

这把伞我买的时候打7折。

discourage[disˈkʌridʒ]vt.使泄气,使灰心

She is never discouraged by difficuIties.

她从没因困难而泄气。

考点:discourage sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

discovery [disˈkʌvəri] n.发现,被发现的事物

That man has made many discoveries in science.

那个男人在科学领域做了很多新发现。

disgraceful[disˈgreisful]adj.可耻的,丢脸的

It's disgraceful to spit here.

在这里吐痰真是可耻。

disguise[disˈgaiz]vi.隐瞒,掩埋;n.假装

That guy made his escape in disguise.

那家伙化装后逃走了。

考点:in disguise伪装,假扮

disgust [disˈgʌst] n.厌恶,憎恶

When the girl saw him, she turned away in disgust.

女孩一看见他,就厌恶地转过脸去。

考点:in disgust厌恶地

disgusting[disˈgʌstiŋ]adj.让人恶心的,可憎的

It's disgusting that snakes are considered a great delicacy in this area.

在这里,人们把蛇肉当做是一道美食,这真让人恶心。

dismiss[disˈmis]vt.不再考虑,解雇

He has been dismissed from his post because of alcohol abuse.

他因为酗酒被撤销了职务。

disorder [disˈɔ:də] n.混乱,杂乱,骚乱

He's suffering from severe mental disorder.

他患有严重的精神病。

display[disˈplei]vt.陈列,展览,显示

On Sunday, the traditional Chinese painting is on display in the park.

星期日,公园里有国画展出。

考点:on display在展览

disposal [disˈpəuzəl] n.丢掉,处理,销毁

His disposal of the work pleased everybody.

他对工作的处理使大家都感到满意。

考点:at sb. disposal任某人处理

dispose[disˈpəuz]vi.去掉,丢掉,销毁

Many beggars disposed to solicit from this rich and generous man.

一些乞丐想向这个富有而大方的人乞讨。

考点:dispose of处理,解决

dispute[disˈpju:t]vi.争论,争执;n.争论

It is very troublesome to arbitrate a dispute.

为一项争执做仲裁很麻烦的。

考点:in dispute在争论中,处于争议中

dissolve[diˈzɔlv]vt.使溶解,解散

The salt dissolved in the warm water.

盐在温水中溶解了。

distance [ˈdistəns] n.距离,间距,远处

We could see several smoking stacks in the distance.

我们可以看到远处好几个冒着烟的烟囱。

考点:in the distance在远处;

keep a distance对……冷淡

distinct[disˈtiŋkt]adj.与其他不同的

Australia and Austria are two distinct countries.

澳大利亚和奥地利是两个截然不同的同家。

考点:be distinct from与……截然不同

distinction [disˈtiŋkʃən] n.差别,不同,区分

There is no appreciable distinction between the twins.

在这对孪生子之间看不出有什么明显的差别。

distinctive[disˈtiŋktiv]adj.有区别的,有特色的

Students wear a distinctive uniform in this school.

这个学校的学生们穿着特制的校服。

distinguish[disˈtiŋgwiʃ]vt.区别,辨别,认别

I know that color-blind people can't distinguish between colors.

我知道色盲不能辨别颜色。

(CET-4 2006.6) Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to ____ honest applicants from the growing members of dishonest ones.

A) dissolve

B) disguise

C) discount

D) distinguish

详解:选D。题意为:许多人事经理认为,要把诚实的应聘者和数量渐增的不诚实的应聘者分开越来越难了。

A) dissolve意思是“分解,解散”;

B) disguise意思是“假装,伪装”;

C) discount意思是“不重视,不理会”;

D) distinguish意思是“区分”。

distract[disˈtrækt]vt.分散,使分心

Don't try to distract my attention. I'm not fall for it.

不要试图分散我的注意力,我才不上当呢。

distress [disˈtres] n.忧虑,悲伤,不幸

His ex-wife's visit caused him more distress than pleasure.

前妻的来访给他带来更多的痛苦,而不是愉快。

distribute[disˈtribju:t]vt.分发,分送,分布

We must take measures to distribute these goods.

我们必须采取一些措施去分销这些商品。

distribution [ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən] n.分发,分配,分布

We will try our best to increase the distribution of the magazine.

我们要尽力增加这种杂志的发行量。

district [ˈdistrikt] n.区,地区,区域

There are miles and miles marsh in this district.

这个地区有连绵数英里的沼泽。

disturb[disˈtə:b]vt.打扰,扰乱,弄乱

Don't disturb him! He is disciplining his little son.

别打扰他,他正在训教他的小儿子呢。

ditch [ditʃ] n.沟,沟渠,渠道

The ditch is too wide for me to jump over.

沟太宽,我跳不过去。

divide[diˈvaid]vt.分,分配,分开

The large yard was divided into two parts by the hedge which was set last year.

那个大院子被去年立起来的树篱分成两部分。

division [diˈviʒən] n.分,分配,除法

There was a division of opinion on the matter.

对于那件事意见有分歧。

divorce[diˈvɔ:s]n.离婚,离异;vi.离婚

The woman had a lot of lovers, so her husband divorced her.

那女的有很多情人,所以她丈夫与她离婚了。

考点:divorce from sb.与某人离婚

dizzy[ˈdizi]adj.使人眩晕的,过快的

We were dizzy by the strong wind.

我们被大风刮得头晕目眩。

DNA [ˌdi:enˈei] n.脱氧核糖核酸

DNA confirmed he was the child's father.

DNA检测确认他就是孩子的父亲。

document [ˈdɔkjumənt] n.公文,文件,证件,文档

The secretary found the lost document on the doorstep at last.

秘书最终在门阶上找到了那份丢失的文件。

domestic[dəˈmestik]adj.本国的;家庭的

The newspaper provides not only foreign news but also domestic news.

这家报纸不仅刊登国外新闻也刊登国内新闻。

dominant[ˈdɔminənt]adj.支配的,统治性的

What is the dominant theme of this conference?

这次会议的首要议题是什么?

dominate[ˈdɔmineit]vt.统治,支配,占优势

She has strong desire to dominate over others.

她很想支配别人。

donation [dəuˈneiʃən] n.捐赠,捐款

She says cash donations help the agency to buy food locally and transport it quickly to where it is needed.

她说现金捐款帮助代理处在当地购买粮食并将它较快地运送到需要它的地方。

donor [ˈdəunə] n.赠送人,捐款人

The patient wants to know the donor's name.

病人想知道捐赠者的姓名。

dormitory [ˈdɔ:mitri] n.集体寝室,宿舍

The new dormitory has been building.

新的宿舍还在建设中。

dose [dəus] n.剂量,用量,一剂

As for this medicine, you should take a dose per day.

至于这种药,一天吃一剂。

double[ˈdʌbl]adj.两倍的,双的

If we can finish this task on schedule, our boss will double our salary.

如果我们按期完成这项任务,我们老板会给我们发双倍工资。

考点:double up把……折叠起来

doubt[daut]n.怀疑,疑虑;vt.怀疑

It is no doubt that he is a faithful believer of Judaism.

毫无疑问,他是犹太教的忠实信徒。

考点:in doubt不能肯定的;no doubt很可能,无疑地

doubtful[ˈdautful]adj.难以预测的,怀疑的

The result is doubtful.

这个结果很可疑。

download[ˈdaunləud]vt.下载

You can download a perpetual calendar from the internet.

你可以从互联网上下载一个万年历。

downstairs[ˈdaunˈstɛəz]adv.在楼下;adj.楼下的

Hurry up! Your mate is waiting for you downstairs.

快点,你的同伴在楼下等你呢!

downtown[ˈdauntaun]adj.商业区的,闹市区的

adv.在(到)闹市区

I was born in downtown Zhengzhou.

我出生在郑州市区。

downward[ˈdaunwəd]adj.向下的;adv.向下地;

He is on the downward path.

他正在走下坡路。

draft[drɑ:ft]n.草稿,汇票;vt.起草

I don't know when we can draft a speech.

我不知道我们何时可以起草一份演讲稿。

drag[dræg]vt.拖,拉,拖曳

My friend dragged me out to a concert.

朋友硬拖我去听音乐。

考点:drag on / out使拖延

drain[drein]vt.排去,放水;n.耗竭

Drain the spinach that I have washed through the sieve.

用笊篱把我洗过的菠菜上的水控干。

dramatic[drəˈmætik]adj.引人注目的,戏剧的

Britain varies in scenery. In particular, there is a dramatic contrast between “highland” and “lowland”.

英国自然风光丰富多彩,高地与低地的对比尤其鲜明。

draw[drɔ:]vt.画,划,拖,拨出

What conclusions can you draw from all the facts that we have collected?

从我们所收集到的所有事实中你可以得出什么结论来呢?

考点:draw in天渐黑;draw on利用;

draw up起草,拟定

drawer [ˈdrɔ:ə] n.抽屉

These drawers slide in and out easily.

这些抽屉很容易推进拉出。

drawing [ˈdrɔ:iŋ] n.图画,素描,绘图

Our maths teacher is drawing two parallel lines on the blackboard.

我们数学老师正在黑板上画两条平行线。

dream[dri:m]n.梦,梦想;vi.做梦;

He did his best to finish this project just for his dream, not for profit.

他尽最大努力去完成这项工程是为了他的梦想,而不是为了利益。

考点:dream up凭空想出

drift[drift]vi.漂流,漂泊;n.漂流

Several clusters of white clouds are drifting across the blue sky now.

蔚蓝的天空中飘过几朵白云。

drill[dril]n.钻头,操练;vi.钻孔

My dog has taken my drill to the garden.

我的狗把电钻叼到花园去了。

drink[driŋk] vt.饮,喝;n.饮料

After one-day rush work, I want to have a drink and relax myself.

一天紧张的工作之后,我想喝一杯放松放松。

drip[drip]vi.滴下,漏水;n.水滴

The umbrella dripped moisture.

伞滴着水珠。

driving-licence [ˈdraiviŋˌlaisəns] n.驾照

The traffic policeman is looking at my driving-licence.

交警正在看我的驾照。

drop[drɔp]vt.使落下,降低

They choose to drop bombs to blow up this fort.

他们选择扔炸弹来炸毁这个堡垒。

考点:drop in / by顺便访问;drop off睡着,下降;

drop out退出,退学

dropout [ˈdrɔpaut] n.退出,退学(学生)

You will regret having been a school dropout in the future.

你以后会后悔中途退学的。

drown[draun]vi.淹死,溺死

After the boy was drowned, his mother got mad.

在那个男孩淹死后,他妈妈疯了。

考点:drown oneself in埋头于……

drug [drʌg] n.药,药物,药材

The boy was forced to help the drug dealers to carry drugs.

这个男孩被迫帮助这个毒贩贩毒。

drum [drʌm] n.鼓,鼓状物,圆桶

We are very familiar with the percussion, such as drums, gongs, xylophones and so on.

我们对打击乐器非常熟悉。比如,鼓、铜锣、木琴等等。

考点:drum up竭力争取,招揽生意

dryer/drier [ˈdraiə] n.干燥机,吹风机

Don't use a dryer too often; It's not good to your health.

别经常使用吹风机,对你的健康没好处。

due[dju:]adj.预期的,应给的

Her smile is affected due to nervousness.

由于紧张,她的笑也变得不那么自然了。

考点:due to由于,因为;

in due course到时候,在适当的时候

dull[dʌl]adj.枯燥的,不鲜明的

I'm very sorry about that I killed two good years on that dull job.

我很遗憾的是我在那件无趣的工作上浪费了整整两年的时光。

(CET-4 2005.6) We don't know why so many people in that region like to wear dresses of such ____ colors.

A) low

B) humble

C) mild

D) dull

详解:选D。题意为:我们不知道为什么那个地区有那么多人喜欢穿颜色如此暗淡的衣服。

A) low意思是“低的”;

B) humble意思是“谦逊的,恭顺的”;

C) mild意思是“温和的,温柔的”;

D) dull意思是“不鲜明的”。

dump[dʌmp]vt.倾卸,倾倒,倾销

A lot of sewage was dumped into the river.

大量污水被排入河水中。

dumping [ˈdʌmpiŋ] n.倾倒,垃圾,倾销

Dumping is to sell the products at the price lower than the cost.

倾销就是指以低于成本的价格销售商品。

durable[ˈdjuərəbl]adj.耐久的,耐用的

I think the friendship between us is durable.

我认为我们之间的友谊是持久的。

dustbin [ˈdʌstbin] n.垃圾筒

In the kindergarten, children are taught to put waste into dustbins by their teachers.

在幼儿园里们,老师教孩子们把垃圾扔到垃圾箱里。

dusty[ˈdʌsti]adj.灰蒙蒙的,粉状的

The air is very dusty in this city.

这个城市的空气里灰尘很大。

dwarf[dwɔ:f]n.矮小,侏儒;adj.矮小的

The skyscraper dwarfs all the other buildings in the city.

这座摩天大楼使城市里其他的建筑物都显得矮小了。

dye[dai]vt.染;n.染料,染色

That naughty boy dyed the white curtain colorful.

那个调皮的小男孩把白窗帘染得五颜六色。

考点:dye的现在分词与过去式(分词)分别是dyeing, dyed。

dynamic[daiˈnæmik]adj.有活力的,动力的

He is a dynamic boy who attracts a lot of girls.

他这个有活力的男孩很吸引女孩子。

(CET-4 2003.12) He was such a ____ speaker that he held out attention every minute of the three-hour lecture.

A) specific

B) dynamic

C) heroic

D) dipIomatic

详解:选D。题意为:他讲话生动有力,因此在3个小时的讲座中我们的注意力时时刻刻都被他所吸引。

A) specific意思是“具体的,明确的”;

B) dynamic意思是“有活力的”;

C) heroic意思是“英勇的”;

D) diplomatic意思是“圆通的,有策略的”。

笔记:

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