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All HTTP status codes can be checked on this web page: https://httpstatuses.com/. They are also described in the httplib module with convenient constant names, such as OK, NOT_FOUND, or FORBIDDEN.

The most famous error status code is arguably 404, which happens when a URL is not found. Try it out by doing requests.get('http://www.columbia.edu/invalid').

A request can use the HTTPS protocol (secure HTTP). It is equivalent, but ensures that the contents of the request and response are private. requests handles it transparently.

Any website that handles any private information will use HTTPS to ensure that the information has not leaked out. HTTP is vulnerable to someone eavesdropping. Use HTTPS where available.