Chapter 5　MuItipIe Choice　选择题

题型介绍

雅思听力中的选择题分为单选题和多选题两类。单选题一般是三选一，多选题一般是五六个选二，或七八个选三。该题型在听力考试的四个部分均会出现。选择题是雅思听力众多题型中最常规的，也是中国考生最熟悉的题型。

题型特点

1.单选题

单选题分为两种：问句式单选和非问句式单选。

1）问句式

以疑问词开头的题干，如what, where, which, when, why, who, how many/how much，问题方向较为明确。

e. g.1.When is this year's festival being held?

A　1-13 January

B　5-17 January

C　25-32 January

2）非问句式

（1）观点看法，会出现文字如……say/think/advise/suggest/recommend/like……

（2）概念解释，一般以从句形式出现，如……is who……，……is when……，……is that……

（3）原因、结果和条件，会出现文字如because, be caused by, lead to, if等；

（4）句义补充，把题目中不完整的语句用选项补全。

e. g.2.The speaker thinks the Counselling Service.

A　has been effective in spite of staff shortages

B　is under-used by students

C　has suffered badly because of staff cuts

2.多选题

多选题的一个重要特征就是定项，读题时考生会在题目说明中读到类似于“Choose TWO letters”或“Choose THREE letters”的字样。

Tips

1.选择题的审题量比填空题大很多，需分配好时间。

2.选择题需要理解的内容较多，各个选项多需做好判断。

解题步骤及例题讲解

单选题解题步骤：

1.审题

●读标题，了解场景基本内容。

●读题干，画出题干的定位词。

●读选项，画出选项的关键词。

2.听题

●根据审题时的定位词定位。

●注意表达的同义替换，排除干扰选项，捕捉答案。

多选题解题步骤：

1.审题

●读标题，了解场景基本内容。

●读题干，画出题干的定位词。

●读选项，画出选项的关键词。

●将选项进行分类。

2.听题

●根据审题时的定位词定位。

●注意表达的同义替换，排除干扰选项，捕捉答案。

例1

Questions 11-15

Choose the correct letter, A，B or C.

MANHAM PORT

11　Why did a port originally develop at Manham?

A　It was safe from enemy attack.

B　It was convenient for river transport.

C　It had a good position on the sea coast.

12　What caused Manham's sudden expansion during the Industrial Revolution?

A　the improvement in mining techniques

B　the increase in demand for metals

C　the discovery of tin in the area

13　Why did rocks have to be sent away from Manham to be processed?

A　shortage of fuel

B　poor transport systems

C　lack of skills among local people

14　What happened when the port declined in the twentieth century?

A　The workers went away.

B　Traditional skills were lost.

C　Buildings were used for new purposes.

15　What did the Manham Trust hope to do?

A　discover the location of the original port

B　provide jobs for the unemployed

C　rebuild the port complex

解析　1.首先通过标题MANHAM PORT，知道场景为地点介绍，听录音时关注地点的设施及变化。

2.读题干，画出题干的定位词和各个选项的关键词。

●Q11：题干——Why, originally

选项——A safe, enemy attack

B river transport

C good position

●Q12：题干——Industrial Revolution

选项——A mining techniques

B demand for metals

C discovery of tin

●Q13：题干——rocks, sent away

选项——A fuel

B transport

C lack of skills

●Q14：题干——twentieth century

选项——A workers, away；

B skills

C buildings, new purposes

●Q15：题干——Manham Trust

选项——A location

B jobs

C rebuild；complex

3.根据题干的关键词定位，通过排除干扰项及同义替换找到答案。

●Q11选B

由录音中developed here because与题干中定位词Why呼应，and proved a handy place to load and unload cargo to and from the sea，与B选项river transport为同义替换。

●Q12选B

由录音中it wasn’t until the Industrial Revolution定位，when a tremendous need for metals of all kinds developed与B选项increase in demand替换；注意排除干扰项A与题干描述时间不符。

●Q13选A

由录音中to melt the metal from the rock开始定位，there was not enough coal in the local area, so the rocks containing minerals had to be shipped long distances.怕部分可与选项A替换。

●Q14选A

本题出现in the twentieth century原词，thousands of workers were forced to emigrate out of the area.可与A选项替换。

●Q15选C

本题出现Manham Trust原词，set about reconstructing it　替换选项C中的rebuild。

例2

Questions 25-30

Choose the correct letter, A，B or C.

The later life of Thor Heyerdahl

25　According to Victor and Olivia, academics thought that Polynesian migration from the

east was impossible due to

A　the fact that eastern countries were far away.

B　the lack of materials for boat building.

C　the direction of the winds and currents.

26　Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl's raft journey?

A　to overcome a research setback

B　to demonstrate a personal quality

C　to test a new theory

27　What was most important to Heyerdahl about his raft journey?

A　the fact that he was the first person to do it

B　the speed of crossing the Pacific

C　the use of authentic construction methods

28　Why did Heyerdahl go to Easter Island?

A　to build a stone statue

B　to sail a reed boat

C　to learn the local language

29　In Olivia's opinion, Heyerdahl's greatest influence was on

A　theories about Polynesian origins

B　the development of archaeological methodology

C　establishing archaeology as an academic subject

30　Which criticism do the speakers make of William Oliver's textbook?

A　Its style is out of date.

B　Its content is over-simplified.

C　Its methodology is flawed.

解析　1.首先通过标题The later life of Thor Heyerdahl了解场景为地点介绍，听时关注

人物传记的时间变化。

2.读题干，画出题干的定位词和各个选项的关键词。

●Q25：题干——migration from the east

选项——A eastern countries, far away

B lack of materials

C winds and currents

●Q26：题干——the main reason, raft journey

选项——A setback

B personal quality

C test a new theory

●Q27：题干——most important

选项——A the first person

B speed

C construction methods

●Q28：题干——Why, Easter Island

选项——A stone statue

B reed boat

C local language

●Q29：题干——greatest influence

选项——A origins

B development, methodology

C academic subject

●Q30：题干——greatest influence

选项——A out of date

B over-simplified

C flawed

3.根据题干的关键词定位，通过排除干扰及同义替换找到答案：

●Q25选A

由录音中the east was impossible定位。后面紧跟because of the huge, empty stretch of ocean替换选项A。

●Q26选C

由录音中sailing on rafts定位。I wonder接选项B为干扰，后文I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea替换选项C。

●Q27选C

由录音中it was important to开始定位。he achieve it before anyone else did为选项A的同义转换，但后文否定该选项haven’t read anywhere that that was his motivation.而后The most important factor seems to have been that he used only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.仔细思考发现，这句可与选项C替换。

●Q28选A

本题出现Easter Island原词。I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.这句话替换选项B，但从后文看可排除，为干扰项。But what he wanted to do was talk to the local people about their old stone carvings替换选项A。

●Q29选B

从what a great life开始定位，he first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology替换选项B；注意干扰项A，录音中提到his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited，看似与此选项对应，但It’s unfortunate引导，表明作者觉得这是一件有遗憾的事，并非觉得是其主要影响。

●Q30选A

本题出现William Oliver原词，the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned替换选项A；注意不要被选项C中research methods he used were very sound和选项B the subject matter-I found it really challenging所干扰。

例3

New staff at theatre

Questions 11 and 12

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO changes have been made so far during the refurbishment of the theatre?

A　Some rooms now have a different use.

B　A different type of seating has been installed.

C　An elevator has been installed.

D　The outside of the building has been repaired.

E　Extra seats have been added.

Questions 13 and 14

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO facilities does the theatre currently offer to the public?

A　rooms for hire

B　backstage tours

C　hire of costumes

D　a bookshop

E　a café

解析　1.首先通过标题New staff at theatre，了解场景为对于新员工的介绍。

2.读题干，画出题干的定位词和各个选项的关键词，尝试给选项分组。

●Q11-Q12：题干——two changes, so far, refurbishment

选项——A rooms, different use

B seating

C elevator

D outside

E extra seat, added

选项B和E都是关于seats的变化，可归为一组相似信息。

●Q13-Q14：题干——two facilities, currently；public

选项——均为名词。通过题干的限定来选择符合要求的选项。

3.根据关键词定位，通过排除干扰项及同义替换找答案。

●Q11选A, Q12选B

通过该段refurbishment定位，开始仔细听，相关答案即将出现。

The interior has just been repainted, and we're about to start on the exterior of the building-that'll be a big job.其中exterior与选项D中的outside为同义替换。to后面为将来的计划，不符合题干所问的currently，因此exterior of the building所对应的D为错误选项。

根据The work’s running over budget, so we’ve had to postpone installing an elevator.可将与安装电梯相关的选项C排除。

We've replaced them with larger seats, with more legroom. This means fewer seats in total, but we've taken the opportunity to install seats that can easily be moved, to create different acting spaces.和围绕seats的选项B、E相关，但注意这里fewer seats in total，所以E为干扰项，排除，B项正确。

We've also turned a few storerooms over to other purposes, like using them for meetings.其中other purposes与选项A为同义替换。

●Q13选B, Q14选D

文中这句We try hard to involve members of the public in the theatre.有题干中的public，可定位题目。backstage tours先被提及，These are proving very popular.这句话亦证明此项服务已经开始，故B为正确答案。

We're looking into the possibility of opening a cafe in due course这句话的in due course表示在未来合适的时候，不符合currently，选项E排除。

We have a bookshop，……and that attracts plenty of customers，这句话说书店已经吸引了很多顾客，因此是已有设施，故D为答案。

Then there are two large rooms that will be decorated next month.中的next month与currently矛盾；We’re also considering hiring out costumes……这句话的considering意为“考虑”，说明不是已有设施，故A和C不是答案。